Whence is derived the goodness of an object, of an end, and of the circumstances?
This goodness is derived from the relation that all
these things have with right reason (XIX. 3-6).
What is meant by right reason?
By this is understood the reason enlightened by all
the lights that come from God, or which at least is not
knowingly at variance with them.
When man then wills or chooses something in conformity with right reason for an object or an end of which right reason approves, and of which all the accompanying circumstances accord with right reason, the act willed or chosen man is a good act?
Yes; then, and then only, is man's act a good act.
on any one of these counts whatsoever man's act is
conformed with right reason it ceases to be a good
and it becomes in a less or great degree, as the case
be, a bad act (XVIII.-XXI.).
What is a bad act called?
A bad act is called a "fault" or a "sin" (XXI. 1).
Next - The Catechism of the Summa - The Second Part: VII. OF THE AFFECTIVE MOVEMENTS IN
MAN WHICH ARE CALLED THE PASSIONS (A)
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