No (LXXXVIII. 1, a).
What are the sins called that are not mortal?
They are called venial (ibid.).
What does the word "venial" mean?
It means a sin less grave which does not take away the principle of the supernatural life, which is charity or grace, and for which, consequently, reparation can be made under the ordinary action of grace by a contrary movement of the sinner himself, and on this head its punishment is only temporal: hence it is called "venial," or easily "pardonable" (from the Latin word venia, which means pardon) (LXXXVIII. 1).
Supposing venial sins are committed by a man who is in the state of mortal sin, and this man were to die in this state, would his venial sins be punished by eternal punishment?
Yes, by reason of his state of soul, and because not having charity, he would be incapable of making reparation for these sins, which, after his death, are eternally irreparable.
Whence does it arise that some sins are mortal, whereas others are only venial?
This arises from the nature of the disorder brought about by different sins, and from the greater or lesser voluntariness of sin (LXXXVIII. 2).
What is meant by saying that this difference of mortal from venial sin arises from the nature of the disorder brought about by sin?
This means that there are sins which, of themselves, are directly opposed to the supernatural love of God, which is the principle of the life of the soul, or that they are incompatible with this love; whilst other sins bring about a lesser disorder of an accidental nature which is compatible with the supernatural love of God existing habitually in the soul (ibid.).
What are those sins which, of themselves, are directly opposed to the supernatural love of God, the principle of the soul's life, or which are incompatible with this love?
They are those sins which reject the supernatural love of God, or which imply an evil and a disorder that disturb the very essence of man's relation to God, or the mutual relation of men, or the relation of man to himself.
What are these sins?
These sins are the spurning of the supernatural love of God, or the sins that violate the honour of God, or the sins of theft, homicide, and adultery, or the sins against nature.
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