Isabella of Castile was Queen of Castile and León from 1474 until she died in 1504. She was born in Madrigal de las Altas Torres, Spain, in 1451, the daughter of John II of Castile and Isabella of Portugal. She was well-educated and fluent in several languages, including Latin, Spanish, and Portuguese. Isabella is best known for her role in the completion of the Reconquista, the centuries-long process of driving the Moors out of the Iberian Peninsula. She and her husband, King Ferdinand II of Aragon, worked together to conquer the last Muslim kingdom in the region, Granada, in 1492. Isabella also supports the arts, education, and the Church. She and Ferdinand established the Spanish Inquisition, a tribunal designed to identify and punish heretics within the Catholic Church. The Inquisition has been criticized for its use of torture and its role in persecuting minority groups, including Jews and Muslims. Isabella died in 1504 at the age of 53. She was succeeded by her daughter Joanna, who was later declared unfit to rule due to her mental illness.
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