Why Were There Three Popes? The Western Schism Explained

This video is about the Western Schism of the 13-1400's. In many senses this is not a true "schism" since it concerned an error of person rather than a failure of faith on the part of many Christians, as evidenced by the fact that we canonized saints on both sides of the issue. Yet it was a deeply calamitous time for the Church, and the conciliarist bent of the council members of Pisa and Constance was reprehensible even if ultimately irrelevant. Sources: Pontiffs Section of the Holy See Website: https://www.vatican.va/content/vatica... Western Schism (Catholic Encyclopedia): https://www.newadvent.org/cathen/1353... Council of Pisa (Catholic Encyclopedia): https://www.newadvent.org/cathen/1211... The Council of Constance (Catholic Encyclopedia): https://www.newadvent.org/cathen/0428... Gallicanism (Catholic Encyclopedia): https://www.newadvent.org/cathen/0635... Gallicanism (EBSCO): https://www.ebsco.com/research-starte... Avignon Papacy (Encyclopedia Britannica): https://www.britannica.com/event/Avig... How St. Catherine Brought the Pope Back to Rome (Catholic Answers): https://www.catholic.com/magazine/onl... Vatican I, Session 4: https://www.ewtn.com/catholicism/teac... Schism, Conciliarism, and the Crisis of Papal Monarchy (Take this overview with a grain of salt, as its theology is pretty wonky. The bare facts are useful.): https://pages.uoregon.edu/dluebke/Ref... The 21 Ecumenical Councils: https://www.catholic.com/magazine/pri... Robber Council of Ephesus: https://www.newadvent.org/cathen/0915... Pope Urban VI: https://www.newadvent.org/cathen/1521... POPE URBAN VI, A CONTRARY MAN: https://www.catholic365.com/article/3... Antipope Clement VII: https://www.britannica.com/biography/... Alexander V: https://www.newadvent.org/cathen/0128... A History of the Church in the Middle Ages By F Donald Logan · 2012 (the way in which Pisa saw the rival popes): https://www.google.com/books/edition/... Was it Celestine V or Gregory XII? (America Magazine): https://www.americamagazine.org/conte...