The list of the monarchs of France brings together the kings and emperors who ruled France through the various political, territorial and dynastic constructions that occurred after 481. France was ruled by the Merovingians, Carolingians, Capetians, which are split up as direct Capetians, Capetian Branch of Valois, Bourbons and Orléans and the house of Bonaparte.
An empire ruled by a single ruler began to emerge in Gaul, which is now known as France as the Western Roman Empire began to collapse in the 4th century. The Salian Franks became the leading tribe in the area and under them the Frankish Empire, the predecessor of the kingdom of France, was founded. The Merovingians became the ruling dynasty of all the Franks in the early 5th century and ruled until the mid-7th century, when the last Merovingian king was deposed by Peppin the short, who was the father of Charlemagne. Pippin went on to found the new Carolingian kingdom, which would rule the West Frankish Empire until the end of the 9th century.
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