Why is St Joan of Arc a Martyr?
Because, when Joan was canonised in 1920 by Pope Benedict XV, to count as a martyr the individual had to have been killed in odium fidei (in hatred of the Faith). Since her canonisation, of course, the rules for the process have been radically changed.
Now, I'm sure that a 'martyr' category would be found for her. Since one of her 'crimes' for which she was condemned to the stake was wearing male clothing and armour, in this Pontificate she'd probably be declared to have been martyred 'in odium Fiducia Supplicans'!
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