How the Creed Refuses To Let Christianity Forget History

All of the Creeds are rooted in history, since they all mention the facts of the Incarnation, the Passion, and the Resurrection of Our Lord.

From Aleteia

By Daniel Esparza

Christianity does not begin with an idea but with a child, and it does not end with a concept but with an empty sepulchre — into history.

At an academic meeting years ago, a group of professors was asked what was non-negotiable in a Christian humanism–inspired curriculum. The answer came quickly and almost unanimously: the articles of the Nicene Creed. Listening to them, I found myself thinking something slightly different. Not the articles, exactly — the narrative. From manger to empty sepulcher. From story, not theory.

That instinct helps explain why Pope Leo XIV’s recent recitation of the Creed before the ruins of an ancient basilica in Turkey mattered so much. The Pope was not delivering a lecture on doctrine amid archaeological remains. He was speaking a story in a place where history presses against the present. Stone, dust, and sky formed the backdrop for words that refuse, or at least resist, abstraction.

The Nicene Creed can look, at first glance, like compressed theology: “begotten,” “consubstantial,” “incarnate.” But its decisive move is, I think, also narrative. It follows the arc Christians know from the Gospels themselves. Creation gives way to incarnation. Birth leads to suffering. Death opens onto resurrection. And then comes the line that anchors everything: Christ “suffered under Pontius Pilate.”

Pilate matters. He is not a symbol, nor a theological concept. He is a Roman governor with a historical footprint. His name appears in the Creed for the same reason it appears in the Gospels: to insist that this story happened somewhere, sometime, under a recognizable political authority. The Creed refuses to let Christianity drift into myth. It plants belief firmly in the soil of history.

This is where the Creed mirrors the biblical narrative — it does not replace it. The Gospels are not abstract meditations on salvation; they are stories full of names, places, meals, betrayals, fear, friendships, and love. Bethlehem, Nazareth, Jerusalem. A manger. A trial. A cross. An empty tomb. The Creed distills that narrative without abandoning it. Even when it sounds conceptual, it carries what might be called a historical horizon — one that opens fully the moment Pilate enters the sentence.

The historian Marc Bloch saw this clearly. “The Greeks and Latins, our first teachers, were people who were writers of history. Christianity is a religion of historians.”

Christianity depends on memory, testimony, and transmission. It survives because it can be told again, checked against time, and handed on without dissolving into ideology.

That insight connects naturally to Augustine, whose Confessions is often read as interior spirituality but is, in fact, a narrative act. Augustine tells his life as a story shaped by grace moving through time. Identity emerges through memory honestly faced. Pope Leo XIV, an Augustinian, clearly grasps that faith weakens when it forgets how deeply it depends on storytelling grounded in real events — and real locations.

In the Christmas season, this becomes urgent. The Nativity is not a seasonal image but a historical claim: God enters the world through birth, vulnerability, and place. Christianity does not begin with an idea but with a child, and it does not end with a concept but with an empty sepulcher — into history.